Eye on Nicaragua - Observatory

SPANISH

PEN International, PEN America, PEN Argentina, PEN Quebec and PEN San Miguel de Allende, with the support of other PEN Centres in the Americas, establish the International Observatory “Eye on Nicaragua”. This is a space where the Nicaraguan government’s sustained censorship attempts are exposed and documented.

On 10 August 2021, Fundamedios joins the International Observatory "Eye on Nicaragua". Fundamedios is an organization committed to promoting freedom of expression, monitor aggressions and risks faced by journalists, and uphold human rights since 2007 in Latin America. In December 2017, Fundamedios was awarded with the Franco-German Prize for Human Rights and the Rule of Law.

Nicaragua: Over 1,000 Violations of Press Freedom in Five Years

October 2023

A total of 1,329 cases of violation of press freedom in Nicaragua over the past five years were reported in a document published by the organization "Voces del Sur" (Voices of the South), in collaboration with the "Foundation for Freedom of Expression and Democracy" (FLED), both dedicated to promoting public liberties.

The report, published in commemoration of International Journalist Day, documents the attacks against reporters in Nicaragua from April 2018 - when the sociopolitical crisis began in Managua - to April 2023.

During this five-year period, the predominant form of violation of press freedom was aggression and attacks against journalists, (759) according to the report.

According to this study, a total of 1,329 violations of press freedom were documented, affecting 338 victims: 244 males, 93 females, and 1 member of the LGBTQ+ community.

Entry Denied to Director of Radio La Costeñísima

Journalist Kimberly León, the director of Radio La Costeñísima in the city of Bluefields, was forced into exile as she was prevented from returning to Nicaragua after a trip to the United States for family reasons.

The Directorate of Migration and Foreign Affairs of Nicaragua prohibited Kimberly León, the daughter of Sergio León– the late founder of the radio station– and her mother, Grethel Aguilar, from entering the country last September, as reported by the "Alerts for Press Freedom in Nicaragua" platform on the social network X.

In February of the same year, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) requested the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) to grant provisional measures to the journalistic team of Radio La Costeñísima and their respective family members, as they were in a situation of "extreme gravity with irreparable damage to their rights in Nicaragua."

The number of Nicaraguan journalists forced into exile since 2018 exceeds 208, according to data from the regional network "Voces del Sur" and the "Foundation for Freedom of Expression and Democracy."

Released Journalist Receives Mention at the María Moors Cabot Award

Sports journalist and former political prisoner Miguel Mendoza received a Special Mention on October 19 in New York during the presentation of the María Moors Cabot Awards. He dedicated this recognition to independent journalism in Nicaragua which "continues to resist with courage against the attacks, persecution, and criminalization of the profession" by the regime of Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo.

Mendoza denounced the lack of independent press in Nicaragua, where citizens' rights have been violated. Major media outlets like La Prensa, 100% Noticias, Confidencial, and Radio Darío have been closed and occupied by government forces, and their journalists have been pushed into exile.

"Today, independent journalism in Nicaragua lacks facilities and sophisticated equipment and operates worldwide, and is the second most credible and highly valued institution among citizens, according to recent surveys," he added.

Ortega Frees and Exiles 12 Catholic Priests – Except for Bishop Álvarez

On October 18, following confidential negotiations with the Vatican and the Nicaraguan Catholic Church leadership, the government released 12 priests who had been detained on various charges (three of them under house arrest) and sent them to Rome.

In a statement, the government stated that the decision was taken as part of an effort to "preserve peace and support the Catholic community," which in recent months has declared itself a victim of persecution by the regime's operatives.

The Catholic bishop of Matagalpa, Monsignor Rolando Álvarez, who in February had been accused of conspiracy and sentenced to 26 years and four months in prison, is not among the clergy forced into exile. He had refused to accept exile on two other previous occasions, so it is possible that he did not agree to leave the country this time either.

There Are 16 Women Among Nearly 90 Political Prisoners in Nicaragua

The Ortega-Murillo regime currently holds almost 90 prisoners of conscience, including 16 women, according to the latest reports by the Mechanism for Recognizing Political Prisoners.

Of the total detainees, 11 have been sentenced, including opposition figure Olesia Muñoz, young businesswoman Anielka García, and journalist Víctor Ticay— who is the only journalist currently in custody since April 2023. In the past month, the vice president of the April 19 University Movement (MU19A), Jasson Salazar Rugama, and dissident guerrilla Abdul Montoya Vivas were also sentenced for alleged offenses of "spreading false news" and "conspiring to undermine national integrity.”


A new wave of terror and detentions

11 May, 2023

The month of May began in Nicaragua with the one of the most violent raids of the last few months: at least 57 people, including journalists, political activists, and human rights defenders were arrested and criminally charged by the Nicaraguan government without trial and amid arbitrary nighttime raids that generated anxiety and uncertainty among the population.    

The new wave of terror started on Wednesday, May 3, simultaneously in various parts of the country, involving dozens of police units and riot control forces who stormed homes to forcibly remove detainees, without an arrest or search warrant.

The arrests began on the night of May 3, World Press Freedom Day, putting the repressive situation in Nicaragua back on the agenda, where the government has destroyed fundamental freedoms while preventing the exercising of the human right to think, express oneself, and communicate ideas.  

“The tyrants are afraid of words,” summarized the poet and novelist Gioconda Belli, President of the Nicaraguan PEN Centre and in exile for the second time due to the persecution of the regime in her country, in an interview that we include part of at the end of this document.

Three journalists arbitrarily detained

Among those affected are the journalists Hazel Zaomra, correspondent of the TV station Canal 10 in the city of Bluefields (South Caribbean), Oscar Vallecillo, an employee of the same TV station, and William Aragón, a former correspondent for the newspaper La Prensa en Nueva Segovia (Northwest). The three were detained for several hours and later released, with the warning that they had been charged with crimes “to the detriment of the Nicaraguan State” and that, from that moment on, they should report daily to the law enforcement authorities, as a way to maintain control over them.              

Hazel Zamora was arrested by police on May 4 in front of his two sons, 11 and 9 years old, as she was about to travel by bus from Managua to Bluefields. At the same time, his home in the Caribbean city was being raided by the police, who also took his work equipment, as reported by the site Alertas Libertad de Prensa.

William Aragón was detained on the night of May 3 in the city of Estelí. He recounted to the publication Confidencial Digital that his home was surrounded by eight police vehicles. They took two computers from the home, including his daughter’s, items with sentimental value, personal documents, and two phones, and they told him that he should accompany them to Managua because it was an “order from the headquarters.”

“They never told me why they detained me,” said the veteran journalist, who following the 2018 protests, received death threats and was arrested on one occasion. Aragón was released hours after having been detained by Daniel Ortega’s police forces.  

In addition to the attacks suffered by these three reporters, the young journalist, Víctor Ticay, was also arrested, and, on May 7, completed one month in detention in a cell at the Managua police station. Ticay, a correspondent for the TV station Canal 10, in the area of Nandaime (South) and director of the Facebook page La Portada, was detained by the police during Holy Week without explanation, after he tried to film a religious procession in the town.        

Read here PEN International’s statement on Víctor Ticay.

That same day, in the municipality of Nandaime, several people were detained by police and paramilitary after a day of unlawful arrests reported by human rights organizations in Nicaragua.

Víctor Ticay is the second youngest of nine brothers raised in the rural community of Nandarola, located 15 kilometers from Nandaime. In contrast to other professionals that move to the capital to pursue their careers, Ticay made his way in his own municipality and showed that local voices matter. He earned the recognition and admiration of the people of Nandaime and was frequently sought out by citizens who asked to share their complaints or social services, as reported by the site 100% Noticias.     

Authorities close down two other media outlets

During the first week of May, the government closed 20 more organizations, adding to the at least 3,000 non-profit organizations shutdown. Among the new outlets banned is the Fundación Cristiana de Televisión Enlace, directed by the former presidential hopeful and evangelical pastor, Guillermo Osorno, who, according to the press, was prevented from leaving the country for a work trip.

The Foundation ran the TV channel Enlace Canal 21 and Radio Nexus 89.5 FM, property of Osorno, whose operating license was revoked by the Nicaraguan Institute of Telecommunications and Postal Services (TELCOR).

Gioconda Belli: “They want to hide the truth”

“In my country, there is no freedom of action, of expression, nor of assembly, in such a way that the space for freedom that remains in Nicaragua is the space of freedom in the heart of each Nicaraguan,” said the poet Gioconda Belli in an interview with the German radio and TV outlet, Deutsche Welle, after denouncing that “the population is very threatened and very fearful, because repression has become generalized, one feels an atmosphere of constant surveillance and they continue to arrest and jail people.”                

The government of Nicaragua has put independent writers, artists, and journalists in its crosshairs as part of its repressive strategy. Belli makes clear: “Words are threats for tyrants, as has been seen since the beginning of history. The people who have had the capacity to express popular feelings are repudiated by tyrants that want to hide the truth and dominate the population through lies and manipulation.”   

Likewise, she rejects the “deceitful discourse” of the supposed coup d’etat that the regime has used to criminalize civic protests. “The whole world can see protests of thousands of people from all social classes, rejecting Ortega for remaining in power and for having destroyed the democratic achievements that have cost Nicaraguan society so much.”    

“That is the reason for this repression: the fear of words, of truth, and of those who speak the truth,” underscores the author of “Truenos y arcoíris,” "El país bajo mi piel,” "Sofía de los presagios,” and  "Luciérnagas,” among other works.

After the exile of many Nicaraguan journalists and the closing of their outlets, Ortega imposed an “information blackout” to prevent others from finding out about what happens in the country, where there are still almost 40 prisoners of conscience, among them the Bishop of Matagalpa (North), Monsignor Rolando Álvarez, sentenced to 26 years in prison for refusing to be exiled along with 222 released political prisoners this past February 9.

According to Gioconda Belli, it is those who have left Nicaragua that “are defeating the siege of silence through their reporting” on what is occurring in the country. Outside, she says, “there is an even larger community of speakers and they will not silence us.”

Translation:

Jake Neuberger, Program Assistant for Latin America and the Caribbean, Artists At Risk Connection.


UN High Commissioner calls for respect for freedoms in Nicaragua

The United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, on 15 December urged the Nicaraguan government to "immediately release all those detained" for political reasons, and to initiate "an inclusive national dialogue" in the face of the serious political crisis affecting the country since 2018.

At a session of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Türk updated a report issued by his office last September, stating that the "deterioration" of public freedoms in the country persists. Daniel Ortega's government responded by calling the Council "infamous".

"I urge the authorities to immediately release all those arbitrarily detained" and to "reintegrate those who were excluded from the political and social sphere", the high commissioner said.

He also called on the government to "fully respect fundamental freedoms of expression and association", as well as to "engage in an inclusive national dialogue, anchored in human rights".

Türk stressed that his office is "willing to work" with Managua on these issues, and requested that his team be allowed to enter the country. Ortega has repeatedly denied international human rights organisations access to Nicaragua since late 2018, including a UN Group of Experts appointed last March to investigate allegations of abuses and repression.

Bishop and two journalists in Matagalpa charged with criminal offences

Journalists Manuel Obando Cortedano, head of media for the diocese of Matagalpa (north), and Wilberto Artola Mejía, a journalist for the digital channel TV Merced, were charged by the Public Prosecutor's Office on Wednesday 14 December.

The journalists, arrested by the police three days earlier, worked with Catholic bishop Rolando Álvarez, who administers the diocese of Matagalpa. The prelate was arrested on 19 August and formally charged in court on 13 December for the alleged crimes of "conspiracy" and "propagation of false news".

Monsignor Álvarez, who is highly critical of the Ortega regime, has been the target of government persecution for months. It was announced that he will be seated in the dock on 10 January 2023, in an initial hearing.

Also charged in the same case is exiled Catholic priest Uriel Antonio Vallejos, who responded to the criminal charges by saying that in Nicaragua "criminals are in power".

Dagmar Thiel, director of the US-based Fundamedios, a member of the network Voces del Sur, demanded the immediate release of both journalists, as well as the 240 people arbitrarily detained in Nicaragua.

Voces del Sur: press freedom violations persist

At least six journalists and one media outlet in Nicaragua reported press freedom violations last November, according to a report by the regional network Voces del Sur released on 12 December.

The report includes threats to two journalists for carrying out their work, while four other professionals "were forced into exile due to the difficulty in the country to exercise their profession and the danger it implies".

Among them is the case of Luis Felipe Palacios, correspondent of the Spanish news agency in Managua, who was prevented by the government from re-entering his country after a trip to Panama, despite being Nicaraguan.

From other sources

Regime authorises family visits to prisoners in El Chipote

After more than 80 days without receiving visits from their families, the more than 50 political prisoners held in the El Chipote police prison were authorised to have "special visits" from their closest relatives, including children and grandchildren who entered the prison for the first time on 7 and 8 December, when the country celebrates the religious festivities of the Virgin Mary.

Among those who were able to share with their families for four hours, during which time they also had lunch provided by the prison authorities, were journalists Miguel Mendoza and Miguel Mora, who were visited by their children. In Mendoza's case, he had not seen his 8-year-old daughter Alejandra for more than 500 days.

A battery of agents with cameras and video cameras recorded every detail of the family meetings, without requesting authorisation to film.

The main human rights organisations had demanded that the government allow more frequent visits to prisoners of conscience, as required by law. The police authorities assured that they would repeat these visits on 24 and 31 December.

Translation: Lucina Kathmann, Vicepresident of PEN International


Writer and sociologist Oscar-René Vargas is detained

Relatives of the writer, sociologist and economist Oscar-René Vargas denounced that hooded policemen violently seized him in a house in Managua on 22 November and took him away with his whereabouts are unknown.

Vargas, 76, author of 35 books, was an advisor to the national leadership of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) in the 1960s, but became a strong critic of Daniel Ortega's regime, especially after the social rebellion of April 2018. That year he was threatened and fled into exile in Costa Rica for fear of imprisonment.

Human rights organizations immediately demanded the immediate release of the writer, who according to his relatives suffers from chronic illnesses that require special care for his health.

Journalist Miguel Mendoza ends hunger strike, hopes to see his daughter

Journalist Miguel Mendoza, one of the 219 political prisoners of Daniel Ortega's regime, gave up his hunger strike in El Chipote police prison after receiving a promise that he would be allowed to see his eight-year-old daughter Alejandra.

According to his relatives, who visited Mendoza on 20 November, the sports reporter is in good spirits and spiritually strong, despite the fact that he has been in prison for more than a year and has health problems that have not been attended to.

Miguel Mendoza is one of six Nicaraguan journalists who have been in prison since mid-2021, three of them under house arrest. The recent family visit came after 81 days without access to family meetings.

Police occupy premises of radio station "Mi Voz".

Police officers on 18 November occupied the premises of the radio station "Mi Voz", located in the western city of León and run by journalist Álvaro Montalván.

A source close to the station told "Radio Darío", which is working digitally after its closure this year, that the staff managed to get out before the police raid and thus avoided being arrested.

The radio station broadcast on 96.9 FM the news program "En Primicias y En Titulares" and has been off the air since the government occupation. In 2018, journalist Álvaro Montalván was arbitrarily detained and the station's facilities have been besieged and vandalized on several occasions.

Confidencial's Youtube channel attacked

The Youtube channel of the independent publication Confidencial was attacked on 13 November by alleged hackers who impersonated it. Its director, journalist Carlos Fernando Chamorro, explained that through unauthorized access the attackers changed its name to "Tesla Live" and replaced its logo with an image of tycoon Elon Musk, owner of Tesla and Twitter.

Confidential has 398 000 followers on the Youtube platform. "The Confidencial team stopped the transmission immediately, and with access to our accounts, we restored our information and more than 7,000 videos that were hidden during the impersonation," explained Chamorro.

The signal was interrupted as a security measure and was restored a couple of days later.

IAPA appoints two imprisoned journalists to its board of directors

At its last general assembly in late October, the Inter American Press Association (IAPA) elected two imprisoned journalists as members of its board of directors: Guatemalan José Rubén Zamora, editor of El Periódico, a prisoner of the government of Alejandro Giammattei, and Nicaraguan Juan Lorenzo Holmann Chamorro, general manager of the newspaper La Prensa, closed in 2021 and confiscated by the regime of Daniel Ortega.

In their statement, IAPA stressed that the election of the journalists imprisoned in their respective countries is the first time in the organization’s 80-year history, in an attempt to make visible and denounce their condition as prisoners of conscience of the governments of Guatemala and Nicaragua, respectively.

Holmann, who is regional vice-chairman of the IAPA's Committee on Freedom of the Press and Information, has been imprisoned since 14 August 2021 and was sentenced to nine years in prison for the alleged crime of money laundering.

Zamora was jailed on 29 July 2022. Police raided the newspaper's headquarters and his bank accounts were seized. He is charged with alleged money laundering, conspiracy, influence peddling and blackmail.

Other information:

Nicaragua asked to be declared "in contempt" before IACHR Court

Esmeralda Arosemena, rapporteur for Nicaragua of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR), asked the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACHR) to declare the Nicaraguan state "in contempt" for failing to comply with various provisional measures ordered by the court in favor of several dozen political prisoners.

The request was presented on 10 November, at a session of the Court convened to study the situation of 45 Nicaraguan prisoners of conscience, most of whom have been held in the police prison known as El Chipote for more than a year, and for whom the court ordered provisional measures to ensure their physical integrity.

Judge Humberto Sierra confirmed absence of the representatives of the Nicaraguan state at the session, whose absence was not officially justified.

Two political prisoners returned from their homes to El Chipote

On 9 November, the government changed the house arrest regime of businessman José Adán Aguerri, former president of the Superior Council of Private Enterprise (Cosep), and ordered him to be transferred back to the cells of El Chipote. Two days later, he did the same with the ex-chancellor of the republic, Francisco Aguirre Sacasa.

The authorities gave no explanation for these measures, nor were they officially notified publicly. Both were under house arrest due to health complications.

Business leader Aguerri has been sentenced to 13 years in prison for allegedly "conspiring to undermine national integrity". Unofficially it was said that he had breached "security regulations" inside his house. The police also detained his wife for a few hours for "investigations".

It is not known why the 77-year-old former foreign minister, Aguirre Sacasa, who was sentenced to eight years in prison for the alleged crime of "treason", was returned to the police prison, where dozens of political prisoners have been held for more than a year.

Translation: Lucina Kathmann, Vicepresident of PEN International


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